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LaymanBrian
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cpp-bootcamp
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1 - References and Move Semantics
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// C++ 中的引用是为变量创建别名的一种方法,这些别名指向内存中的相同数据。
// 引用对于跟踪状态、将参数传递到函数中以及提高整体性能非常有用。
// 总的来说,要在这门课上取得好成绩,理解引用非常重要。
// 包含 std::cout (用于打印) 以进行演示。
#include <iostream>
// 一个接受 int 引用并给它加 3 的函数。
void add_three(int &a) { a = a + 3; }
int main() {
// 看这个表达式。注意 b 的类型是 int& (int 引用),
// 因为它是 a 的引用。这意味着 a 和 b 都指向相同的数据。
// 你可以通过单个 & 符号语法来声明引用变量的类型。
int a = 10;
int &b = a;
// 如前所述,如果我们尝试打印 b,我们将得到 10。
std::cout << "b is " << b << std::endl;
// 引用也可以传递给函数。以函数 add_three 为例,
// 它接受一个 int 引用并给它加 3。如果我们用 a 调用这个函数,
// 由于 a 是作为引用传递的,那么 a 在调用者上下文中的值将会改变。
add_three(a);
std::cout << "a is " << a << std::endl;
return 0;
}
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